朗閣海外考試研究中心  

2013年發(fā)布的《劍橋雅思真題集9》給廣大考生帶來了新一輪的考試方向的指引。從官方提供的真題集中，朗閣海外考試研究中心的專家們總結(jié)了一些考試的動向和未來考試發(fā)展的趨勢。同時，在劍橋9的Test2大作文中，也出現(xiàn)了“逆天”的所謂樸素8分作文。但是事實上，除了該篇以外，另外的三篇考官范文繼續(xù)保持了以前劍橋真題相當(dāng)?shù)目勺x性、難度和地道性。這絕對說明，考試的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并未發(fā)生變化，并且從語言的美感和內(nèi)容邏輯性的要求來看，雅思考試一如既往對考生提出了相當(dāng)?shù)囊?。朗閣海外考試研究中心寫作組的專家就劍九所提供的考官范文，分別進(jìn)行詳盡的剖析。本文將以劍九TEST3 TASK2為主要切入點進(jìn)行解析。

題目如下：

Some people say that the best way to improve the public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

正文內(nèi)容：

A problem of modern societies is the declining level of health in the general population, with conflicting views on how to tackle this worrying trend. One possible solution is to provide more sports facilities to encourage a more active lifestyle.

Advocates of this believe that today’s sedentary lifestyle and stressful working conditions mean that physical activity is no longer part of either our work or our leisure time. If there were easy-to-reach local sports centres, we would be more likely to make exercise a regular part of our lives, rather than just collapsing in front of a screen every evening. The variety of sports that could be offered would cater for all ages, levels of fitness and interests: those with painful memories of PE at school might be happier in the swimming pool than on the football pitch.

However, there may be better ways of tackling this problem. Interest in sport is not universal, and additional facilities might simply attract the already fit, not those who most need them. Physical activity could be encouraged relatively cheaply, for example by installing exercise equipment in parks, as my local council has done. This has the added benefit that parents and children often use them together just for fun, which develops a positive attitude to exercise at an early age.

As well as physical activity, high tax penalties could be imposed on high-fat food products, tobacco and alcohol, as excessive consumption of any of these contributes to poor health. Even improving public transport would help: it takes longer to walk to the bus stop than to the car.

In my opinion, focusing on sports facilities is too narrow an approach and would not have the desired results. People should be encouraged not only to be more physically active but also to adopt a healthier lifestyle in general.

解析1：審題

題目提出，一些人認(rèn)為提升公共健康的方式是增加運(yùn)動設(shè)施的數(shù)量，而另一部分人認(rèn)為這個方法收效甚微，應(yīng)當(dāng)采取其他的方式。本題要求考生對事態(tài)雙邊分別進(jìn)行討論。這是一道雙邊中立型題目，也就是題目的雙方都應(yīng)當(dāng)作為討論的主體，在正反兩方分別闡明原因和進(jìn)行詳細(xì)論述。結(jié)構(gòu)段式范文分成了5段，正反主體各一段，因本題在反面觀點中提出了“other measures are required”即需要采取其他方式來提升公共健康水平，因此考官范文另列一段說明。結(jié)尾做了雙邊總結(jié)，認(rèn)為僅僅提升運(yùn)動設(shè)備是遠(yuǎn)不夠的，也應(yīng)加入其他方式。

解析2：構(gòu)思

范文首先在開頭部分做了簡單重述。在正文第二段，考官從現(xiàn)實出發(fā)，講明現(xiàn)代社會，運(yùn)動已經(jīng)不再是生活必要部分，以及我們生活中花了較多時間保持坐著狀態(tài)的主要的情況。以假設(shè)論證方法切入，指明如果有方便的運(yùn)動設(shè)施我們則有很大可能性走出去而不是坐在電腦前。并且強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)動設(shè)施能夠符合各個年齡層和不同愛好的要求，然后輔助舉例說明比如我們可以選擇我們喜歡的游泳項目而不是痛苦的足球項目。該段在論證邏輯上層層遞進(jìn)，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)而有條理。且援引證據(jù)有足夠的說服力。

而在正文第三段的反論部分，首先提出最大的問題是并不是所有人對運(yùn)動都是感興趣的，運(yùn)動設(shè)施的設(shè)立可能導(dǎo)致的結(jié)局是吸引的是本身熱愛運(yùn)動的人，對于不愛運(yùn)動的部分則沒有強(qiáng)制性。接著表明事實上，安裝器材鼓勵效果是比較弱的，并且可能變成家庭成員間的娛樂互動。此處考官文章中表示這額外能提高孩子對運(yùn)動的積極態(tài)度，筆者認(rèn)為此句非常影響本段方面論述的立意，對該段論證沒有積極支持效果，算是全文唯一的敗筆部分。（見原文粗體部分）

接下去主體的第三部分，作者提出了兩個其他方案：一是對垃圾食品征收高額稅費(fèi)來減少購買的人，二是在提升公共交通方面做一些調(diào)整使得交通線路過程中能迫使人們走更多的路。

全文表意清晰，文風(fēng)地道，并援引合理佐證，是考生可以仔細(xì)參閱分析的一篇好范文。

解析3：文風(fēng)亮點

文章不僅整體論證完整，支持論據(jù)邏輯條理清晰，說服力強(qiáng)，并且使用了相當(dāng)?shù)氐篮椭档每忌鷮W(xué)習(xí)和效仿的語言表達(dá)。下面專家們總結(jié)了一些其中的優(yōu)句：

A. A problem of modern societies is the declining level of health in the general population, with conflicting views on how to tackle this worrying trend. 主表對換，目的為突出體現(xiàn)問題嚴(yán)重，后半句由with引出伴隨部分是存在雙邊觀點。此表達(dá)和立論方法相當(dāng)有新意，能突出重點。

B. If there were easy-to-reach local sports centres, we would be more likely to make exercise a regular part of our lives, rather than just collapsing in front of a screen every evening. 此句表述嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，在做了if引出的假設(shè)同時，提出可能性。表述連貫。If…it would be more likely to….rather than結(jié)構(gòu)值得考生學(xué)習(xí)。

C. Interest in sport is not universal, and additional facilities might simply attract the already fit, not those who most need them. 后半句做補(bǔ)充說明，以句尾強(qiáng)調(diào)突出運(yùn)動設(shè)施無法實現(xiàn)其真正立意價值。

D. Physical activity could be encouraged relatively cheaply, for example by installing exercise equipment in parks, as my local council has done. 舉例恰到好處，最后一個小短句使得by后短語變得自然且避免句子過長影響理解的問題。

解析4：詞匯運(yùn)用（文中具體部分詳見加紅詞組）

tackle 解決

Advocates of this believe that 支持者們認(rèn)為…

collapsing in front of a screen 墮落于電腦屏幕前

cater for 適用于，滿足…

be encouraged relatively cheaply 相對而言難以被鼓勵

imposed 強(qiáng)加，強(qiáng)制性

excessive consumption 過度消耗

too narrow an approach 不充分的方法

desired results 期望結(jié)局