朗閣海外考試研究中心  

雅思寫作的Task 2部分出題范圍相當廣泛，寫作主題的重復率也相當高，解題的方法同樣需要掌握技巧，接下來朗閣名師對于雅思作文TASK2的解題進行分析。

在官方給出的Band descriptors的Band 7和Band 6評分標準中，明確提出了關于LR的要求：Uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision. Uses less common lexical items with some awareness of styles and collocation. (7) / Uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task. Attempts to use less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy. (6) 和GRA的相關要求：Uses a variety of complex sentences. (7) / Uses a mix of simple and complex sentence forms. (6) 但是學生始終有個理解的誤區(qū)：在書寫段落時再注意語法和詞匯。其實不然，當學生看到題目的瞬間就要先做好以下幾項工作：

關鍵詞（一）找到需要同義轉換的單詞：形容詞、動詞...

請看這個題目：Some people believe governments should spend money on measures of languages with few people from dying out completely. Others think this is a waste of financial resources. Discuss both views and give your opinions.

考生們可以把題目中的類似于這樣的單詞劃出來并同義改寫它們，因為在接下來的開頭段或段落中心句或結尾段將用到單詞的同義改寫：

spend—fund/ finance/ launch somewhat sum of fund/ invest

dying out—be endangered/ be likely to vanish/ tend to disappear

a waste of financial resources—it is no use doing/ meaningless/ make no sense/ uselessness

關鍵詞（二）變換句式

備考雅思的過程中，相信絕大多數(shù)學生僅僅一味地備素材而忽視了語法的重要性。事實上考生們在考場上的理想分數(shù)的取得，語法的重要性是不容忽視的。事實上常用的語法無非以下這些：

A. 動名詞或不定式：

Utilizing/ To utilize modern biological technology seems to be valid to respond to severe environmental issues across the globe.

B. 形式主語系列：

It is adj. for sb. to do sth.

It is of great necessity/ importance/ value/ significance/ for sb. to do sth.

It is universally accepted that…

It is generally acknowledged that…

It is evident/ obvious that…

It is common sense that…

C. 獨立主格：

Living in rural area, children fail to/ are incapable of access to modern technology for education.

Exposed to severe mudslide, populace in SICHUAN province are forced to leave their hometown although they have dwelled for generations to generations.

D. 倒裝句：

Through such means/ approaches/ ways/ tactics is the authority /government/ likely to address the issue with seeming ease/ successfully/ easily.

Only in this way…

Not only does candy have a free talk with her son, but also she…

E. 表語：

The government’s obligation/ responsibility/ accountability/ is to undertake/ shoulder doing sth./ that…

F. 主語從句：

What the authority ought to undertake is that…

Whether robots give rise to strengths or drawbacks has sparked a heated discussion.

G. 讓步狀語從句：

Despite the fact that…, …

In spite of the fact that…., …

因此沿用剛才推薦的語法，上面的那個考題就可以用主語從句進行考題改寫：Whether it is of great necessity for the authority to fund on some endangered languages or it makes no sense is under discussion.

接下來以同樣的方法再審視一個考題：Many people think it takes time to preserve the old buildings. We should knock down the old buildings to establish modern ones. To some extent do you agree or disagree? （2013年7月27日真題）

考生可以先把以下的單詞進行同義改寫：

it takes time to…—spend/ consume/ devote

knock down—cut down/ demolish

preserve—conserve/ protect/ protection

再把句式重新書寫一遍便可以用在書寫過程的開頭段落：

可以使用主語從句或形式主語和動名詞句式：It is believed that people need to spend much time conserving some ancient buildings; therefore, demolishing them is of great necessity by means of building new ones.

假設一下：烤鴨們在看到考題后能習慣于做這樣的準備工作不僅可以達到充分理解題目，同時要告誡自己在書寫過程中語法和詞匯在一開始看題目的時候就要注意了。

關鍵詞（三）：提綱怎樣列？

就拿上面的那個真題來說，烤鴨們可能會盲目地這樣思考：舊建筑的確要拆，這樣省下來的錢可以用于發(fā)展其它的領域。這樣理解的話絕對是徹頭徹尾的偏題：因為考生沒有仔細地想想剛才我們在做題目中單詞的轉換及其題目的改寫，其實這個題目真正理解下來的意義是：是否該拆除需要許多金錢和時間來維護的舊建筑？如果學生們在著手列提綱的時候能夠先抓住題目給我們的關鍵字入手，一定不會出現(xiàn)寫不出或審題錯誤這樣影響我們分數(shù)的錯誤了。那么這個考題的關鍵字：old buildings，學生們可以試想它包含哪些范疇呢？事實上依據我們的知識面，建筑應該涉及以下方面：

residential housing/ shopping mall/ skyscrapers

temple/ ancient streets/ lanes/ HuTong/ memorial hall

statue/ sculpture

bridge

gardens

列出這些內容后，本文思路就可以看出來了：

主體段落（一）有些舊建筑的確要拆除，理由是：Be not secure for living/ be incapable of withstanding severe earthquake (in north of China/ residential areas/ be made of mud)/ financial backward/ reinforced concrete/ cement be used instead

Building materials/ be not eco-friendly/ be not insulated/ consume large amount of energy such as electricity/ water

主題段落（二）然而，有些舊建筑是不可以拆的，雖然我們的維護和保養(yǎng)會耗去時間和金錢。（理由是：具有旅游價值——gardens in Suzhou/ ancient lanes in Beijing; 具有教育作用——Linzexu memorial hall/ cherish life and keep away from drugs/ Confucious memorial hall/ remind people of focusing on their own literacy）

從以上的分析就可以看出，抓住題目中關鍵詞去想考題的提綱的確很受用：幫助我們不偏題，幫助我們充分運用知識去支持我們的觀點。