朗閣海外考試研究中心

雅思寫作task2經常會使我們陷入一些誤區(qū)，接下來朗閣名師針對雅思task2如何跳出誤區(qū)，正確的領悟提綱及思路進行分析，希望幫助廣大考生備考。

誤區(qū)（一）

多數(shù)考生在考場上，往往會在小作文的圖表上花較長時間完成，每每這個時候他們便會認為列提綱是多此一舉：題目囫圇吞棗讀完后，想到哪里就寫到哪里。其分數(shù)結果可想而知！

誤區(qū)（二）

即便是有時間列出提綱，在書寫時也不是完全用到它，覺得有點浪費時間去列！

事實上有以上想法的考生，那是由于未真正品嘗到這樣做的好處。我想其中的一個原因是不是不知道該怎樣列出個好且有效的提綱呢？

關鍵詞（一）了解題目的特點再列提綱

請看以下的兩個題目：

1.    In many countries, traditional foods are being replaced by international foods. This is having a negative effect on both families and societies. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

2.    Nowadays, advertising is having an increasing influence on our lives. Some people think that the positive effects outweigh the negative effects. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

大家可以發(fā)現(xiàn)在真正考題的前面都有一小段背景：In many countries, traditional foods are being replaced by international foods. / Nowadays, advertising is having an increasing influence on our lives. 殊不知這樣的背景對于我們理出提綱起到了很大的作用：考生要想寫出對于家庭和社會的消極影響，必須知道哪些是traditional foods/ international foods。考生利用自己的知識面可以列出以下思路：

Traditional foods:

noodles/ rice-based dishes/ legume-based dishes/ pork-based dishes/ poultry-based dishes/ vegetable-based dishes/ grain-based dishes

International foods:

McDonald’s (chicken Mc nuggets)/ KFC (poultry feed scandals)/ subway (sandwiches + cookies)/ Pizza Hut/ Starbucks/ Burger King/ PaPa John

馬上思路如涌泉般：

Negative effects on family:

1.   physical fitness: fried/ high fat/ sugar/ calories/ cholesterol/ be detrimental to sb.；對比traditional foods: be rich in nutrition/ vitamin

2.   prepare for the food ingredient: fast pace of life/ devoid of time communication；對比traditional foods

同理：

Negative impact on society:

loss of culture/ Chinese traditional foods: Cantonese dish/ Huaiyang cuisine/ Sichuan cuisine/ Shandong cuisine/ treasure

do disservice to local hospitality industry/ catering services: downsize the volume/ due to the proliferation in fast food outlet/ local/ native/ indigenous fast food chain/ win more customers by cutting prices

對于廣告的那個題目也可以用同樣的方法思維：在背景中有些重要的詞組：our lives。首先這個題目突破的關鍵是our lives這個詞出來，advertising的種類立刻也就迎刃而解了。請看背景中our lives所體現(xiàn)的方面：

Shopping: the latest consumer goods (clothing/ diet/ house-purchase/ digital products/ toys and baby stuff/ sports and recreational equipment)

Trip/ going out/ getting around: traveling bags (climbing rucksacks)/ tourism packages/ tour package

Job hunting/ to apply for a job/ job application/ leaflet/ recruitment advertising/ salary/ earnings/ welfare/ material benefits (annual leave/ annual vacation)/ continuation education

School life: school selection/ curriculum provision/outstanding teacher resources/ exchange student program

Public service advertising: environmental prevention/ show respect for others/ show filial piety towards senior groups/ altruism (sacrifice one’s own interests for others)/ be dedicated to society/ cherish life/ stay away from drugs/ observe law and discipline/ Traffic codes/ Marriage Act

有了以上思路，所以廣告的積極方面就好想的多了：思路一：offer too much practical information；思路二：educational function。

以同樣的方式列出廣告給我們的生活帶來的消極方面：

Exaggerated advertising:

Healthy products: a very good panacea for all kinds of illness: allergy/ asthma/ cataract/ stroke/ cardiovascular disease/ diabetes/ longevity effect/ live longer

Cosmetics: anti-aging/ help slow down aging/ postpone the aging/ plant extract/ minimizing serum/ day cream/ night cream

Well-paid/ easy task/ do not need to travel/ excellent working environment

關鍵詞（二）題目中沒有背景信息

比如這兩個題目：

1.    Some people argue that the government should spend more money on public service than on arts. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

2.    Traveling by air is much cheaper and more convenient than before, but it also brings some environmental problems. Discuss both views and give your opinions.

很顯然，當考生看見這樣的考題，只要先利用自己的知識面列出：

Public service: education/ healthcare/ insurance/ public transit

Arts: painting/ sculpture/ statue/ drawing/ action of arts/ calligraphy/ Chinese brush painting/ silk painting/ pencil drawing/ architecture/ sand drawing/ music/ drama (face magic show)/ opera/ film / literature/ photograph/ language

思路馬上就非常明確了：

主體段落（一）的錢的確要在公共服務上花去很多的錢（理由是：1. 提高勞動者素質；2. 給老百姓便利生活）

主體段落（二）的錢也要更多地花在藝術上（理由是：1. 保護文化遺產；2. 有利于對人的教育）

以同樣的方式理解traveling by air那個題目，先要把題目中的這些詞列出來，比如說：

Cheaper (Wuxi – Xian: 1410/ 300/ 680)

Local travel

Exotic tour/ Singapore/ Thailand / 4000-8000/ reduce by 2000

Graduates/ workers/ higher school students/ become the biggest beneficiaries

More convenient (more routes/ order the ticket/ mobile phone/ internet)

Guizhou province/ backward/ currently/ more airports

考生再列出題目中的 environmental problems: (energy consumption—oil/ noise pollution/ carbon emission)

提綱呈現(xiàn)與認真讀題的關系

針對以上兩大類題目的解讀，學生們可能知道了相關方法：要想列出優(yōu)秀的提綱必須利用自己豐富的知識面把題目中重要名詞或形容詞的內涵展開才能為接下來的思路提供靈感。但是僅僅這些還是不夠的。認真地讀題并悟出題目的關鍵才會保證考生順利想提綱和相關思路：Schools should teach children some academic subjects which will be beneficial to their future careers. Therefore, other subjects such as music and sports are not important. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 如果運用以上推薦的辦法，考生們可能在前一句上列提綱是不會有什么差錯的，先列出

Future careers:

medical staff/ surgeon/ physician

legal worker/court clerk/chief judge

waiter/ waitress

run online shop/ board game design

miner/ geological exploration

building trades/ urban planning

再列出

Academic subjects:

Computer programming/ communication skills (language proficiency)/ medical norms/ legal codes/ hospitality management/ safety issues/ common sense/ architecture

但是最后一句話里，學生若是淺顯地理解本題目的話，他們可能這樣寫：

主體段落（一）學校里的確要傳授與學生將來有用的學業(yè)學科（未來職業(yè)迫切需要專業(yè)化的知識和工作策略）

主體段落（二）然而，音樂與體育也很重要（學生有可能談及這兩門學科其它方面的重要性）。但是，仔細再研讀一下這個考題，就是烤鴨們一定要站在全篇的角度來理解這個考題：無論學校里開設什么學科，要理解為與將來職業(yè)的關系才能算審題正確，因此正確提綱是：Sports career/ be used to maintaining physical daily activities/ keep energetic/ devote oneself to work/ collectivism/ teamwork/ cooperate/ promote working efficiency/ directly determine job option/ academic subjects/ poor/ artistic college

由此可見，列提綱并沒有想象的那么難，豐富的知識面對于考生是極為重要的。同時認真讀題也是關鍵。